Abstract

Acute pyelonephritis is a very common upper urinary tract infection, and most of them may be uncomplicated and resolve without serious sequelae. Acute pyelonephritis is defined as clinical symptoms and signs such as abrupt onset of chills, fever, and flank or costovertebral angle pain and/or tenderness. The incidence of acute pyelonephritis is higher in young women than in men and then the incidence is similar to women over 65 years old. In general, acute pyelonephritis is caused by microorganisms ascending from the bladder into the upper urinary tract. E. coli is the most common uropathogen causing pyelonephritis, accounting for 70∼90% of infections. Recently, antibiotic resistance against E. coli and uropathogen is remarkably noted in uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis as well as uncomplicated UTI. The purpose of this study was to determine the recent trends of acute pyelonephritis, to suggest change to current strategies in the management and prevention of acute pyelonephritis, and to review 2010 EAU guideline and recent literatures.

• Keywords: Acute pyelonephritis, Management