Urogenital Tract Infection

The Necessity of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Men: A Narrative Review: Sooyoun Kim, Sangrak Bae; Urogenit Tract Infect 2024;19(3):51-59. Published online December 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2448030015

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Anogenital wart caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. High-risk strains, such as types 16 and 18, cause penile cancer in men, cervical and vulvar cancers in women, and head and neck cancers and anal cancer in both sexes. Since these malignant tumors can be prevented through vaccination, the importance of vaccination is emphasized. However, because HPV is known to cause cervical cancer, vaccination is only being administered to women. Some countries vaccinate men as well, but in South Korea, only girls are included in the National Immunization Program. However, screening for HPV in men is not possible, and the virus causes various malignant tumors, with a sharp increase in head and neck cancers, as well as a surge in genital warts in the country. In addition, HPV worsens sperm quality. Moreover, the need for vaccines is increasing as the known methods for preventing HPV-related diseases in men are decreasing and the disease burden is increasing. As cost-effectiveness studies have shown that the cost-effectiveness of vaccination is lower for men than for women, it is unlikely that male vaccination will be included in national immunization programs. Many countries overseas, especially a very small number of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries including South Korea, are implementing mandatory vaccination for women. Vaccinating men and women, would be cost-effective and efficient in achieving herd immunity. In addition to herd immunity, the inclusion of male vaccination in the National Immunization Program is imperative given the rapidly increasing incidence of diseases in men.

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Giant Fibroepithelial Polyp in the Renal Pelvis to the Upper Ureter: Kyung Jin Chung; Urogenit Tract Infect 2023;18(3):119-122. Published online December 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2023.18.3.119

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Benign ureteral tumors are rare owing to the predominance of malignancies in ureter tumors. Among them, fibroepithelial polyps are very rare, and giant fibroepithelial polyps are even rarer. This paper reports the author’s experience of giant fibroepithelial polyps detected incidentally. A 47-year-old woman was referred for severe right flank pain to the author’s center. A kidney computed tomogram revealed a long soft tissue lesion in the right kidney, upper polar calyx, pelvis, and whole proximal ureter with hydronephrosis. The radiologic reading was right renal pelvis urothelial cancer. Endoscopic removal was deemed impossible because the mass was filling the entire renal pelvis and upper ureter, so a nephroureterectomy was performed. After the nephroureterectomy, the pathology findings revealed a giant fibroepithelial polyp. This paper reports the treatment of giant fibroepithelial polyps of the ureter. Clinicians should consider the possibility of benign tumors and recommend a cautious approach to treatment if discovered.

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Predictor for Ureteral Stent Removal in Gynecological Cancer Patients with a Ureteral Obstruction: Sung Hyun Ji, Young Kwon Hong, Young Dong Yu, Seung-Ryeol Lee; Urogenit Tract Infect 2022;17(3):103-109. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2022.17.3.103

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose: This study investigated the possibility of ureteral stent removal in patients with gynecological cancer and ureteral obstruction.
Materials and Methods: From February 2010 to March 2022, the records of 121 patients with gynecological cancer and ureteral obstruction undergoing periodic ureteral stent replacement were reviewed retrospectively. Ureteral stent removal was attempted in patients who showed improvement in hydronephrosis on abdominal computed tomography (CT) after ureteral stent insertion and who lost symptoms. Success was defined as not having to reinsert the stent because there were no uncomfortable symptoms. The following were evaluated as predictors for ureteral stent removal: pre-removal serum creatinine, hypertension, diabetes, asymptomatic bacteriuria, type of gynecologic malignancy, prior radiotherapy, hydronephrosis laterality, obstruction level, hydronephrosis etiology, ureteral stent size, and ureteral stent duration. The hydronephrosis changes on abdominal CT were also evaluated.
Results: Among 121 patients, 74 with 81 obstructed ureters were evaluated. Of the 81 ureters, successful removal occurred in 30 (37.0%). There were significant differences between the success and failure cases regarding asymptomatic bacteriuria, prior radiotherapy, and hydronephrosis etiology. Logistic regression analysis showed that asymptomatic bacteriuria and hydronephrosis etiology were significant predictors of ureteral stent removal (p<0.05). There were also significant differences in the hydronephrosis changes depending on asymptomatic bacteriuria and hydronephrosis etiology (p<0.05).
Conclusions: In patients with gynecological cancer who have a ureteral stent in place due to ureteral obstruction, ureteral stent removal may be considered in patients who do not have asymptomatic bacteriuria or other etiologies, such as external ureteral pressure or ureteral cancer metastasis.

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Von Brunn’s Nest in an Incidental Bladder Mass Found during Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate: Seungsoo Lee; Urogenit Tract Infect 2020;15(1):13-15. Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2020.15.1.13

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: A 62-year-old male with benign prostatic hyperplasia underwent holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. During surgery, a small nodular mass was found incidentally in the trigone of the bladder. The lesion was removed completely by a transurethral resection with a bipolar device. A pathology examination of the lesion indicated von Brunn’s nests.

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