Urogenital Tract Infection

The Necessity of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Men: A Narrative Review: Sooyoun Kim, Sangrak Bae; Urogenit Tract Infect 2024;19(3):51-59. Published online December 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2448030015

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Anogenital wart caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. High-risk strains, such as types 16 and 18, cause penile cancer in men, cervical and vulvar cancers in women, and head and neck cancers and anal cancer in both sexes. Since these malignant tumors can be prevented through vaccination, the importance of vaccination is emphasized. However, because HPV is known to cause cervical cancer, vaccination is only being administered to women. Some countries vaccinate men as well, but in South Korea, only girls are included in the National Immunization Program. However, screening for HPV in men is not possible, and the virus causes various malignant tumors, with a sharp increase in head and neck cancers, as well as a surge in genital warts in the country. In addition, HPV worsens sperm quality. Moreover, the need for vaccines is increasing as the known methods for preventing HPV-related diseases in men are decreasing and the disease burden is increasing. As cost-effectiveness studies have shown that the cost-effectiveness of vaccination is lower for men than for women, it is unlikely that male vaccination will be included in national immunization programs. Many countries overseas, especially a very small number of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries including South Korea, are implementing mandatory vaccination for women. Vaccinating men and women, would be cost-effective and efficient in achieving herd immunity. In addition to herd immunity, the inclusion of male vaccination in the National Immunization Program is imperative given the rapidly increasing incidence of diseases in men.

102 View
4 Download

Male Human Papilloma Virus Infections: How to Prepare for Vaccination Strategies: Jeonghyouk Choi, Koo Han Yoo; Urogenit Tract Infect 2024;19(1):1-2. Published online April 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2024.19.1.1

PDF PubReader ePub

40 View
1 Download

Role of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Prevention of Male Infertility: Taeyong Park; Urogenit Tract Infect 2023;18(2):45-49. Published online August 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2023.18.2.45

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that can cause various diseases, including genital warts and malignant diseases, such as cervical, head and neck, and anal cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that a HPV infection can also adversely affect male fertility. The HPV has been detected in the semen and testicular tissues of infected individuals, indicating that the virus can directly impact the male reproductive system. Indeed, many studies showed that the HPV infection could cause sperm DNA damage, decreased sperm motility, and reduced sperm concentration, contributing to male infertility. The HPV vaccination is currently only being administered to females in Korea. On the other hand, the vaccine could help mitigate these negative impacts on male fertility by protecting males against HPV infection. This paper reviews the effects of the HPV on male fertility and the potential benefits of HPV vaccination in protecting male fertility.

26 View
1 Download

Why Should You Care About Oral Gonorrhea and Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection?: Jae Yong Jeong, Seok Cho, Hae Do Jung; Urogenit Tract Infect 2023;18(1):20-23. Published online April 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2023.18.1.20

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases is increasing with the open-sex culture and as people are having sex at a younger age. Consequently, oral gonorrhea and oral human papillomavirus infections, which are often asymptomatic, result in a high risk of transmission. Oral gonorrhea is symptomatic in less than 20% of patients confirmed by culture for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in both men and women. Even if symptoms develop and oral gonorrhea is diagnosed and treated, the cure rate is less than 90%. Hence, oral gonorrhea can lead to antibiotic resistance to gonorrhea. Oral human papillomavirus infections have received more attention because oral human papillomavirus infections play an important role in the development of oropharyngeal cancer. On the other hand, no test for diagnosing human papillomavirus in the oral cavity has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This lack of test makes it difficult to detect oral human papillomavirus infection early, which can further increase the risk of transmission of human papillomavirus infections. Preventing human papillomavirus infections is very important because surgical resection is the only treatment. Vaccination against human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal cancers, including tonsil cancer and base of the tongue cancer, has been reported to be effective in reducing the prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection in middle-aged adults. Human papillomavirus vaccination is essential for protecting against oral human papillomavirus infection.

59 View
0 Download

What Are the Barriers to Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Male in South Korea?: Sangrak Bae, Sooyoun Kim; Urogenit Tract Infect 2022;17(3):53-60. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/uti.2022.17.3.53

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: The human papillomavirus (HPV) virus causes genital warts, a sexually transmitted disease, as well as cervical and vulvar cancer in females and penile cancer in males. In addition, it this virus causes various diseases, including head and neck cancer and anal cancer. Vaccines can prevent malignant tumors caused by the HPV virus, and various projects are being conducted to eradicate HPV worldwide. The national inoculation program is a representative project among them. In Korea, only females are vaccinated; males are not included in the national mandatory vaccination list. Various reasons preventing HPV vaccination for males include cost-effectiveness, fear and misperception of side effects after vaccination, problems with the effectiveness of vaccination, and lack of social awareness about the need for vaccination, including parents, and the lack of research on male HPV disease. As female’s right to health is emphasized, HPV disease, which has become more important in treatment, will never be cured if it is managed only for females. Because the disease is transmitted sexually, managing and controlling HPV in males is also essential. In that sense, males must also be included as nationally required vaccination targets.

25 View
0 Download

Search