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Genital and Urethral Warts
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Keon Cheol Lee, In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2010;5(2):151-160. Published online October 31, 2010
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- External genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STI) which appear as typical skin growing lesions in the perigenital and perianal regions. The causative organisms are low-risk human paillomavirus (HPV), mostly types 6, 11. Physical examination assisted with bright light and magnification is usually enough for diagnosis, but biopsy is needed in cases that are refractory to treatment or exhibit atypical lesion appearance. Genital warts are benign and resolves spontaneously in some patients and removal of lesions do not guarantee elimination of all organisms or confer protection from recurrence. Treatment is consisted of diverse drug application locally and surgical therapy. Urethral warts are uncommon presentation of HPV and could be treated by endoscopic surgery accompanied by intraurethral instillation of medications. Vaccination for HPV is promising up to 4 years and can be an important strategy against HPV, but have to be proven with additional long-term results.
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The Natural History of Urinary Tract Infection in Women
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Kun Chul Lee, In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2010;5(1):102-109. Published online April 30, 2010
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Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma in Renal Pelvis found after Excretion of Dioctophyma Renale at Voiding
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Yong Hyeuk Choi, Sung Yong Cho, Mee Joo, Jae Sook Rye, In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2009;4(2):235-239. Published online October 31, 2009
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- The giant kidney worm, Dioctophyma renale infection is a common, widely distributed parasite of mink and some other carnivorous animal but very rarely reported in human. A 57 years old man, visited our department because of left lower quadrant pain and hematuria, foreign body like earthworm. The foreign body is identified as Dioctophyma renale. Computed tomography showed the irregular shape mass in the renal pelvis and upper ureter. We performed radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision and the mass was pathologically confirmed as the malignant fibrous histiocytoma and not contained any egg or parasite.
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Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review
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Kun Chul Lee, In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2009;4(2):244-256. Published online October 31, 2009
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Male Circumcision and Sexually Transmitted Infection
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In Rae Cho, Soung Yong Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2008;3(2):178-184. Published online October 31, 2008
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- Recently the male circumcision becomes a hot issue not only in abroad but especially in Korea. Under this circumstance, it will be right that doctors and scholars restart to study about the merits and demerits of male circumcision. There is no clear answer yet about its advantages and disadvantages in sexual transmitted disease. The only issue is that WHO and UNAIDS admit the male circumcision as significant precautionary measure against HIV after finishing a large scale study. However it will be difficult to follow the Western statistics impetuously since the course of diffusion of HIV is different from USA, and there is no any study in Korea about the merits and demerits of male circumcision. Therefore we conclude that it will be a impetuous assertion to argue that the male circumcision should be done before the adolescence, before starting an active sexual life, without any countermeasure.
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The Influence of Past History of Prostatitis on the Risk Factor of Prostate Cancer
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Sung Yong Cho, Hyun Dong Song, In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2008;3(2):199-203. Published online October 31, 2008
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- "Purpose: The study is carried out to investigate the influence of chronic prostatitis history on the risk factor of prostate cancer. Materials and methods: The investigation was proceeded with 64 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer through prostate biopsy from 2003 to 2006. We have surveyed the past history of prostatitis of the prostate cancer patients by a questionaires. The existence and nonexistence of past history of prostatitis divided the prostate cancer patients into two groups. We compared the differences between the groups of prostate cancer patients with the gleason score, clinical stage, prostate volume, protate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific antigen density (PSAD), node invasion and metastatic lesion. Results: There were 15 patients (23.4%) among prostate cancer patients. In case of prostate cancer patients with past history of prostatitis, the mean age was 73.7±7.4, prostate volume 50.4±27.2ml, PSA 91.8±125.5 ng/ml, PSAD 1.8±2.8, respectively. The number of patients without past history of prostatitis were 49 and the mean age was 74.7±5.3years, prostate volume 43.2±20.4ml, PSA 33.9±46.1ng/ml and PSAD 0.7±0.8. There was significant difference in PSA and PSAD, but in the other factors were not. With Gleason score, clinical stage, node invasion and metastasis, there was no significant difference respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the past history of prostatitis in prostate cancer patients increases the PSA. The past history of prostatitis may have influence on the PSA, and it can cause for confusion with the prognostic evaluation of prostate cancer."
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Effect of Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome on Sexual Function and Activity
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Keon Cheol Lee, Kyeong Hoon Lee, Hyun Dong Song, In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2008;3(1):75-80. Published online April 30, 2008
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- "Purpose: To evaluate whether patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) have more sexual dysfunction rate than normal control, and whether the sexual dysfunction rate in CPPS increase with more severe CPPS symptom. Materials and Methods: 638 CPPS patients and 102 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. In all subjects, National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and the frequency of sexual intercourses per month during the last 3 months (F) were checked. Between CPPS patients and controls, scores of 5 domains of IIEF (erectile function: EF, intercourse satisfaction: IS, orgasmic function: OF, sexual desire: SD, overall satisfaction: OS) and F were compared. Erectile dysfunction (defined as < 26 EF domain score) rate was compared between the 2 groups. The CPPS patients were classified according to symptom severity into 3 groups and compared. Results: 289 CPPS patients and 67 controls were eligible for the analysis. F was 4.9, 6.5 for CPPS and control group, respectively (p=0.006). Total IIEF, IS, OF, SD and OS domain scores were lower in CPPS group (p<0.05) but EF domain scores were not different. Erectile dysfunction rate of CPPS and control group was 61.2% and 47.8%, respectively (p=0.043). CPPS patients were sub-classified as mild, moderate, severe symptom groups. The 3 groups were not different in age. In all domains of IIEF and F, no difference was found among the 3 groups. Conclusions: CPPS patients had higher sexual dysfunction rate and less sexual intercourses than healthy controls. But, CPPS symptom severity didn’t influence sexual frequency and dysfunction rate. It needs more extensive studies."
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The Concept of Neurogenic Inflammation
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In Rae Cho, Sung Yong Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2008;3(1):129-136. Published online April 30, 2008
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Multicenter Clinical Outcome of Gatifloxacin for Chronic Prostatitis (NIH Category II or IIIa) in Korea
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Sang Don Lee, Seung Ju Lee, Tae Kon Hwang, Duck Ki Yoon, Kyu Sung Lee, Luck Hee Sung, Myung Soo Choo, Bong Suk Shim, In Rae Cho, Min Eui Kim, Soo Bang Ryu, Chul Sung Kim, Young Gon Kim, Chun Il Kim, Hyun Yul Rhew, Yong-Hyun Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2007;2(1):53-60. Published online May 31, 2007
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- "Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of gatifloxacin for patients with chronic prostatitis (NIH category II or IIIa) in Korean urologic practice. Materials and Methods: A total of 16 outpatient urology clinics at tertiary care medical centers in Korea participated. Gatifloxacin (400 mg/day) treatment (S.D.) of 149 patients (20 patients with category II and 129 patients with category IIIa) with prostatitis (mean age 45.8±13.3 years) was carried out for 41.7 (33.1) days. A 4-glass test according to Meares and Stamey or two glass test was carried out at study entry and one month after the end of treatment. Clinical response, safety and bacteriological response were assessed before treatment (within 48 hours of initiation of the study medication) and at one month after treatment completion. Results: In a otal of 149 patients, the total NIH-CPSI score was significantly reduced from 20.5 to 10.0 (response rate 86.7%; 95% CI 80.2-93.2%) (p<0.05). Sub-scores of pain, urinary symptoms and impact on the quality of life were also significantly reduced from 8.9 to 3.8 (response rate 83.8%; 95% CI 76.8-90.9%), from 4.2 to 2.0 (response rate 73.3%; 95% CI 64.9-81.8%) and from 7.4 to 4.2 (response rate 79.0%; 95% CI 71.3-86.8%), respectively (p<0.05). In terms of the overall clinical efficacy assessment by investigators, out of 149 patients with prostatitis, 71.2% were assessed to be responders. Bacteriological studies in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) or post prostate massage urine (VB3) at 1 month after treatment completion demonstrated that the overall eradication rates of pathogens was 85% and the pyuria (≥10 WBC/HPF) rates in the NIH category II and IIIa were 35% and 18.6%, respectively (overall rate 20.8%). There were 16.1% of patients that presented with some adverse events considered by investigators to be related to the drug. The majority of adverse events were considered to be of mild (87.5%) or moderate (8.3%) intensity. Conclusions: These results suggest that gatifloxacin in Korean urologic practice is well tolerated and improves the clinical outcomes in the patientswith chronic prostatitis (NIH category II or IIIa)."
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Clinical Characteristics of Eosinophilic Cystitis in Adults: According to the Cystoscopic Findings
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Joon Seong Jeon, In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2007;2(1):78-82. Published online May 31, 2007
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- "Purpose: Eosinophilic cystitis is a rare disease, which was reported 15 cases in Korea. We describe our clinical experience with eosinophilic cystitis patients who were confirmed in pathology. Materials and Methods: Six men and two women were diagnosed with eosinophilic cystitis between 2000 and 2006. Mean patient age at presentation was 71 years (range 62 to 82). A retrospective chart review was performed to assess clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes. Results: 6 patients (75%) presented with combination of gross hematuria and irritative bladder symptoms. 1 patient had acute urinary retention and 1 patient was asymptomatic. Allergic diseases (asthma, allergic contact dermatitis) were present in 2 patients. The remaining 6 patients were associated with urologic disorders (BPH, bladder carcinoma, bladder stone, etc). Laboratory data include peripheral eosinophilia in 3 of 7 (43%), hematuria in all 8, pyuria in 4 of 8 (50%), positive urine culture 2 of 8 (25%). Cystoscopy showed erythema in all cases and tumor-like lesions or edema in 6 (85%). Transurethral resection of the bladder lesion was performed in 2 cases. All patients received antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids and experienced the marked improvement during a follow-up duration. Conclusion: Eosinophilic cystitis is more common in male than female. Most common presenting symptoms were hematuria and irritating bladder symptoms. Resection of the bladder lesion with systemic treatment of corticosteroids, NSAIDs and antibiotics showed good results."
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Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Guidelines for Antibiotic Therapy
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In Rae Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2006;1(1):39-44. Published online October 31, 2006
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- Antibiotic therapy is commonly prescribed empirically for prostatitis. It is important to use an agent with broad spectrum activity and preferential accumulation in prostatic fluid. So fluoroquinolones have become the standard of care for chronic bacterial prostatitis.
Management of CP/CPPS (chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome) patients is still an enigma for the patient and the urologists as well. According to the best?evidence?based articles, a 4?week trial a of fluoroquinolone antibiotic for newly diagnosed, antibiotic?na?ve CP/CPPS men, but no further antibiotic therapy for CP/CPPS men with a more chronic condition who have failed antibiotics in the past. (Korean J UTII 2006;1:39-44)
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