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Association between an Interleukin 4 Gene Polymorphism, rs2243268, and Urogenital Tuberculosis
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Bongsuk Shim, Sang Don Lee, Tae-Hyoung Kim, Seung Il Jung, Won Yeol Cho, Gilho Lee
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Urogenit Tract Infect 2018;13(2):35-39. Published online August 31, 2018
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- Purpose: Urogenital tuberculosis (UGT) is rarely reported in developed countries. This study evaluated the genetic susceptibility of Korean patients to UGT.
Materials and Methods: A total of 35 UGT patients who were confirmed pathologically, 44 intrapulmonary tuberculosis (IPT) patients who were confirmed radiologically, and 102 controls over a 6 year period were enrolled in this study. The region of rs2243268 in interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene was amplified from whole blood samples, and the DNA sequences were read using the Sanger method.
Results: Twenty women and 15 men were diagnosed with UGT. The occurrence of the CC, AC, and AA genotypes of rs2243268 were 26 (74.3%), 8 (22.9%), and 1 (2.9%), respectively, in UGT; 28 (63.6%), 15 (34.1%), and 1 (2.3%), respectively, in IPT; and 51 (50.0%), 45 (44.1%), and 6 (5.9%), respectively, in the control groups (p=0.115). The bivariate data of CC and AC/AA were 74.3% and 25.7% in UGT, 63.6% and 36.4% in IPT, and 50.0% and 50.0% in the control groups, respectively (p=0.029). The UGT was significantly different from the control group among the three genotypes (p=0.038, Fisher’s exact test) and bivariate genotypes (p=0.017, Fisher’s exact test). In addition, people carrying the CC genotype had a higher risk of UGT (odds ratios, 2.889; 95% confidence intervals, 1.233-6.770; p=0.015).
Conclusions: A single nucleotide polymorphism in the IL-4 gene, rs2243268, is associated with the development of clinical tuberculosis. The CC type of rs2243268 increases the risk of UGT significantly compared to the CA/AA type.
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Infectious Complications after Prostate Biopsy: A Prospective Multicenter Prostate Biopsy Study
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Eu Chang Hwang, Ho Song Yu, Seung Il Jung, Dong Deuk Kwon, Sun Ju Lee, Tae-Hyoung Kim, In Ho Chang, Hana Yoon, Bongsuk Shim, Kwang Hyun Kim, Donghyun Lee, Jung-Sik Huh, Dong Hoon Lim, Won Jin Jo, Seung Ki Min, Gilho Lee, Ki Ho Kim, Tae Hwan Kim, Seo Yeon Lee, Seung Ok Yang, Jae Min Chung, Sang Don Lee, Chang Hee Han, Sang Rak Bae, Hyun Sop Choe, Seung-Ju Lee, Hong Chung, Yong Gil Na, Seung Woo Yang, Sung Woon Park, Young Ho Kim, Tae Hyo Kim, Won Yeol Cho, June Hyun Han, Yong-Hyun Cho, U-Syn Ha, Heung Jae Park, The Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation (KAUTII)
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Urogenit Tract Infect 2016;11(1):17-24. Published online April 30, 2016
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- Purpose: Recent studies have highlighted an increasing trend of infectious complications due to fluoroquinolone-resistant organisms among men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy. This study evaluated the current incidence of infective complications after trans-rectal prostate biopsy for identification of risk factors in Korean men who received fluoroquinolone prophylaxis.
Materials and Methods: A prospective, multicenter study was conducted in Korea from January to December 2015. Prostate biopsies performed with fluoroquinolone prophylaxis during 3 months in each center were included. A pre-biopsy questionnaire was used for identification of patient characteristics. Clinical variables including underlying disease, antibiotic prophylaxis, enema, povidoneiodine cleansing of the rectum, and infectious complications were evaluated. The primary outcome was the post-biopsy infection rate after fluoroquinolone prophylaxis. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used for identification of risk factors for infectious complications.
Results: The study included 827 patients, of whom 93 patients (11.2%) reported receiving antibiotics in the previous 6 months and 2.5% had a history of prostatitis. The infectious complication rate was 2.2%. Post-biopsy sepsis was reported in 2 patients (0.2%). In multivariable analysis predictors of post-biopsy sepsis included person performing biopsy (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-12.5; p=0.015) and operation history within 6 months (adjusted OR, 5.65; 95% CI, 1.74-18.2; p=0.004).
Conclusions: The post-prostate biopsy infectious complication rate in this study was 2.2%. Person performing biopsy (non-urologists) and recent operation history were independent risk factors for infectious complications after trans-rectal prostate biopsy.
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The Effect of Inflammatory Histological Extent of Prostate on the Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients
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Seong Ju Lee, Dong Hyeon Lee, Young Yo Park, Bongsuk Shim, Woon-Sup Han
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2011;6(1):54-60. Published online April 30, 2011
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- "Purpose: to investigate for clinical correlation between inflammatory histological findings of the prostate and lower urinary tract symptoms in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 274 patients whose prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was higher than 4.0 ng/dl, had underwent prostate biopsy. International prostate symptom score questionnaire, uroflowmetry, and transrectal ultrasonography were also performed. Patients were divided into 3 groups and granted points according to the extent of lymphocytic infiltration: 0 point for patients with normal findings; 1 point for patients with lower than 50% of lymphocytic infiltration; 2 points for patients with higher than 50% of lymphocytic infiltration or secretor destruction by neutrophil infiltration findings. We quantified the extent of inflammation by using total prostatitis pathology score and classified 0-5 points, 6-10 points, 11-15 points, higher than 16 points into grade 1-4, respectively. Results: Of the 274 patients, 71 who diagnosed with prostate cancer from their biopsy were excluded. Of the remaining 203 patients, 106 (52.21%) were classified grade 1, 57 (28.08%) were grade 2, 31 (15.27%) were grade 3, and 9 (4.43%) were grade 4. There were 142 patients (69.96%) in the group with core 2, which means severe inflammation, and 61 patients (30.04%) in the group without core 2. In addition, prostate volume, storage symptoms score and total scores in IPSS and quality of life were significantly higher in the group with core 2. Conclusions: Lower urinary tract symptoms deteriorated as prostatic inflammation became severe. However, further studies are required to determine correlation more accurately."
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The New Korean Guideline for Sexually Transmitted Infections
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Dong-Hoon Lim, Seung-Ju Lee, Bongsuk Shim, Chul-Sung Kim, Min Eui Kim, Yong-Hyun Cho
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2011;6(1):96-113. Published online April 30, 2011
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- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are increasing worldwide. To have a well-designed localized guideline on STIs is crucial in controlling the condition. We reviewed the newly developed Korean STI guideline, 2011 that will provide comprehensive information regarding STI management.
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