Abstract

Actinomycosis is a chronic infectious disease that is generally caused by Actinomyces israelii. Renal actinomycosis is a very rare disease, especially accompanying staghorn calculi formation. In this article, we present a case of renal actinomycosis with the staghorn calculi formation. A 52-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of pain in the right upper quadrant. The abdominopelvic computed tomography scan showed staghorn calculi and severe dilatation of the pelvicalyceal system of the right kidney. A right simple nephrectomy and a partial resection of the infrahepatic inferior vena cava were performed. We anticipated that the final diagnosis would be xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, however histopathologic tests revealed renal actinomycosis with abscess formation and extensive inflammation, glomerulosclerosis and staghorn calculi.

• Keywords: Actinomycosis; Kidney calculi