Abstract

Bacterial prostatitis represents a small portion of the prostatitis spectrum, and acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) is uncommon. But ABP is a urologic emergency. Even if there is a wide consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of ABP, many physicians need detailed guidelines with clear evidence. We suggest the diagnosis and treatment criteria of ABP with extensive review of the current literatures. The initial diagnosis of ABP is based on signs and symptoms like fever or voiding problem. Patients with symptoms should undergo urine analysis and culture of the urine. An imaging study of the prostate including transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is suggested to exclude prostatic abscess (LoE 4). Elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are helpful to distinguish ABP from other febrile UTI. The predominant causative organisms are Gram-negative bacteria, mainly Escherichia coli. Appropriate management of ABP includes rapid initiation of broad-spectrum parenteral antibiotics and symptomatic support.

• Keywords: Prostatitis, Acute bacterial prostatitis, Infection, Inflammation