Infection is the most troublesome complication in urologic prosthetic surgery. Commonly implanted devices include penile prosthesis, artificial urinary sphincter, and artificial testes. Explantation of the prosthetic device has been standard treatment for infection. This supports the need for prophylactic antibiotic therapy, with the goal of preventing bacterial seeding. Antibiotic regimens should be effective against bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcusaureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.