Abstract

"Purpose: Knowledge of baseline risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) can help clinicians make informed diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. We evaluated the clinical features of children with febrile UTI. Materials and Methods: We identified 141 patients with febrile UTI, who visited for treatment. We retrospectively reviewed the sex, age, hydronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), concomitant disease, previous urologic surgical history, prophylactic antibiotics, voiding symptom, pathogen, used antibiotics and antibiotics resistance. Results: In 105 infants with febrile UTI who were 12 months or less, the male to female ratio was 3:1 (79 boys, 26 girls), which showed a definite male predominance. But, female children had a relatively high prevalence rate of febrile UTI, especially after the first year of life. Comorbidity of hydronephrosis was 38.1%. The most prenatal hydronephrosis persisted until presenting febrile UTI. Comorbidity of VUR was 26.1%. There was no significant difference between the prevalence of febrile UTI and the use of prophylactic antibiotics according to the VUR grade (p>0.05). The most common pathogen was E. coli (70.2%), the most commonly used antibiotics was cefotaxime (79.4%) and the most commonly resistant antibiotics was ampicillin (77.9%). Conclusions: Our results of male to female ratio according to the age are consistent with the data from large epidemiologic UTI studies. Febrile UTI of infant significantly correlated with hydronephrosis and VUR. Understanding pathogen and resistance is mandatory."

• Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Vesicoureteral reflux, Hydronephrosis