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Serum CCL11 Levels in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer
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Kyu-Shik Kim, Hong-Sang Moon, Sung-Yul Park, Hwan-Sik Hwang, Jung-Hyun Kim, Sang-Su Kim, Ik-Hwan Han, Ki-Jun Kim, Chang-Suk Noh, Jae-Sook Ryu
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Urogenit Tract Infect 2016;11(3):103-108. Published online December 31, 2016
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 Abstract
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- Purpose: CC-chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11; eotaxin-1), an eosinophil chemoattractant chemokine, has been proposed as a serum marker for prostate cancer (PCa) by two research groups. We investigated the usefulness of CCL11 in diagnosing prostatic diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa.
Materials and Methods: CCL11 was measured in the sera of 139 men with BPH, 44 men with PCa, and 45 control men attending an outpatient health-screening clinic. A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to measure CCL11.
Results: CCL11 concentrations were significantly higher in men with BPH and PCa than in normal men (72.9±3.15 and 80.0±4.91 pg/ml vs. 57.6±8.24). In addition, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of serum CCL11 levels showed that the areas under the ROC curves were 0.661 (p=0.001) and 0.654 (p=0.012) for BPH and PCa, respectively, compared with normal men.
Conclusions: CCL11 may be helpful in diagnosing prostatic diseases, such as BPH and PCa.
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Prostatic Disease Associated with Trichomonas vaginalis
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Jae-Sook Ryu
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Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2014;9(2):61-67. Published online October 31, 2014
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Abstract
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- Trichomonas vaginalis is an extracellular protozoan parasite that binds to the epithelium of the human urogenital tract during infection, and causes contact-dependent cytotoxicity. Neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells known to be involved in innate immunity produced proinflammatory cytokines by stimulation with T. vaginalis. Crosstalk between vaginal epithelial cells (VEC) infected with T. vaginalis and mast cells showed increased inflammatory response compared with that by VECs only. In addition, we confirmed that T. vaginalis caused prostatitis in rat by injection via urethra, and prostate epithelial and stromal cells reacted with trichomonads produced cytokines, including interleukin-1β, CXCL8, and CCL2, resulting in increased migration of neutrophils and monocytes. In further study, we will investigate the role of crosstalk between prostate cells infected with T. vaginalis and inflammatory cells on prostatic cell proliferation or prostatic cancerous change. However, it has not yet been determined whether prostate cancer is associated with T. vaginalis infection. In order to determine their association, a serologic test showing high sensitivity and specificity is necessary. In addition, a molecular diagnostic test with improved sensitivity should be developed for early detection and treatment of trichomoniasis.
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